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Jani Vruho
Jani Vruho (05.08.1863-15.09.1931) was an Albanian publisher and nationalist figure.
==Life==
Vruho was born in the Vërtop village Poliçan, Albania, then in the Ottoman Empire. Since young he emigrated to Egypt like many other Rilindas, settling in El Faiyūm. Vruho would spend most of his life and die there. He started publishing articles in the ''Ditërëfenjës'' or ''Kalendari Kombiar'' ("National Calendar") in Sofia, or ''Liri e Cqiperise'' ("Freedom of Albania"), both by Kristo Luarasi. Vruho was an untiring propagandist of the Albanian national cause. He was kind of satisfied that the national consciousness of Albanians was reaching a certain form. Vruho was also a promoter of writings in Albanian language and Albanian education. He would write in one of his articles in "Freedom of Albania", March 31, 1911: ''Of all the perils which surround Albania today, we see salvation in only one thing: we read and write in the language of the people. It is when young people learn to read and write in their language that we may state with full conviction that Albania has been saved.''〔
On March 10, 1907, Vruho published the satirical newspaper ''Shkopi'' ("The stick") in Cairo together with Athanas Tashko. It was printed in the ''Istambul Alphabet'' (of the Istambul Committee) aiming at "defending the rights of the Albanian nation, praising those worthy of praise, and scolding those to be scolded in the nationalistic cause". The periodical had articles in Albanian and Greek and served the Albanian community of Cairo until 1908. Back then the Albanian community of Egypt was organized in two main societies: ''Vëllazëria'' ("The brotherhood") and ''Bashkimi'' ("The union").
In 1909, Vruho published a second Albanian language periodical called ''Rrufeja'' ("The lightning") that lasted until February 1910. Some of the prominent works of the Albanian National Awakening would be published here, including ''Pas vdekjes'' ("After the death") of 1910 by Andon Zako Çajupi. After the distribution in Albania was banned by the Young Turk government, Vruho changed the name in 1910 to ''Sëpata'' ("The axe") and continued publication for a short time after.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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